Kev Kho Mob Nto Kho Thiab Cov Pob Nyiaj Zirconia

Kev kho hniav zirconia ceramics muaj lub cev zoo thiab lub zog thiab siv dav hauv qhov ncauj. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sij hawm ntev ntawm zirconia restorations tsis zoo li cov hlau-ceramic restorations. Tej teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim li kev ploj lawm. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum uas qhov kev npaj muaj luv luv abutment. Lub zirconia qauv yog ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj kev sib txuas tshuaj nrog cov khi. Cov khoom sib txuas ua ke rau cov twj ceramics silicon tsis ncav lub siab ua kom muaj zog, yog li ua zirconia thiab cob. Lub zog ntawm tsevneeg tau los ua ib lub npe ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav xyoo no.

Yam ntxwv ntawm zirconia ceramics

Ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas META tau pom tias nyob hauv qhov kev lag luam tag nrho, qhov 5 xuab moos xwm txheej ntawm cov txheej txheem tempered iav-ceramic tseem ceeb yog 8.0%, thiab iav insulating alumina ceramics muaj ntau dua li ntawm 12.9%, zirconia nucleus . Qhov ruaj ntseg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nrog 5 xyoo tsis ua haujlwm ntawm 1.9%. Nrog rau daim ntawv thov kev soj ntsuam thiab kev txhim kho kev txhim kho kev zoo nkauj, hauv 10-15 xyoo dhau los, kev tshawb fawb ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv zis muaj peev xwm tsom siab rau kev txhim kho nws cov khoom siv dag zog. Cov zirconium oxide ceramics yog cov uas tau ua rau lawv lub zog muaj dag zog thiab lub cev zoo.

Zirconium oxide muaj peb hom crystal: ib lub sij hawm sib txuas ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ib lub sij hawm tetragonal ntawm kub dua 1170 C, thiab cubic theem ntawm tshaj 2370 C. Raws li qhov kub poob, zirconia yuav muaj qhov nce ntawm 3% mus rau 4% . Qhov ntim no nthuav dav yog los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev ntxhov siab, uas nws thiaj li ua rau tawg. Hauv lub yttrium-stabilized tetragonal theem zirconia (Y-TZP), ib lub metastable tetragonal theem tau tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv 2-3 mol% ntawm yttrium oxide, ua kom ntseeg tau tus txheeb ze stability ntawm zirconia. Thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab siv rau cov zirconia thiab cov kab nrib pleev, cov khoom ci nyob ze thiab nyob ze ze ntawm cov kauj vuam hloov dua tshiab los ntawm theem t, thiab lub ntim yog nthuav thaum generating kev nyuaj siab, uas yog offset los ntawm kev nyuaj siab los ntawm lub keej, ua li no lub toughness ntawm zirconia. Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias Y-TZP muaj qhov muaj zog ntawm 5-10 MPa / m / 2 thiab ib lub zog ntawm 900-1400 MPa, uas yog sib npaug rau cov khoom siv alumina thiab ob peb zaug cov khoom siv lithium disilicate. Load static Ntaus tau 2000N zog. Ntxiv mus, Y - TZP tsis muaj iav tivthaiv, thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua rau kom qis thiab tawg tiv thaiv ntawm lub iav qauv vim qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov dej noo thiab iav hauv cov qaub ncaug.

zirconia ntws kho qhov qauv thiab tus qauv

Cov zirconium oxide ntim kho hom kev ua dej num raug faib rau cov khoom siv kho thiab cov tshuaj siv tshuaj. Mechanical kev kho yog hais txog qhov ntxhib los ntawm qhov sib dhos ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev siv lub cev, ua kom nce tsev thiab qhov sib dhos sib txuas. Cov tshuaj txoj kev hais txog hloov cov khoom ntawm zirconium nto ntawm kev siv qee cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj los txhim kho txoj kev ua tsev.

1.Selective Permeation Etching Technology

Nws yog ib lub tshuab tshiab los ua kom qhov chaw npoo ntawm zirconium porcelain saum npoo av. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog lub tsho tiv thaiv lub iav tshwj xeeb ntawm cov zirconium, thiab tom qab ntawd kub kom mus txog 750C rau lub khob txheej thiab ua raws cov ciam teb ntawm zirconia. Diffusion hauv cheeb tsam txhawb lub zawv zawg thiab splitting ntawm nplej nyob rau ntawm zirconia. Tom qab ntawd, nws tseem ntxiv nrog hydrofluoric acid kom tsim tau ib qhov qauv ntawm qhov sib txawv hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov intergranular pores, yog li ua kom yooj yim rau txhua yam ntawm cov nplaum rau lub voids thiab ua kom muaj zog ntawm lub pob zeb.

Cov kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Casucci li al. qhia tau hais tias qhov chaw zuaj zuaj ntawm thaj tsam zirconia kho los ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog ntau tshaj qhov uas muaj cov xim xuab zeb thiab hydrofluoric acid.

2. acid etching

2.1 hydrofluoric acid etching

Hydrofluoric acid yog nquag siv cov kab mob ceramic acid los txhim kho cov neeg ua hauj lwm kom muaj zog ntawm cov pob zeb thiab cov porcelain los ntawm dissolving iav matrix hauv cov khoom siv tais diav. Txij li thaum zirconia ceramic tsis muaj ib lub iav matrix, nws yog suav hais tias hydrofluoric acid yog tsis zoo rau zirconia. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias hydrofluoric acid etching ua rau cov khoom siv porcelain me me thiab cov seem kis tau nce, tab sis cov nplaum tsis sau cov paj nro.

2.2 kub acid kua qaub kua qaub

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog xaiv los ntawm kev siv cov hluav taws xob thiab cov hluav taws xob nyob rau ntawm cov zirconia tom qab cua sov nrog cov kua qaub, thiab tsim ib qhov qauv ntawm qhov loj ntawm ntau qhov pores, uas yog tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo rau zirconium-ceramic cob tsev. Casucci li al. siv HCL thiab Fe2CI3 ua acid acid thiab etched ntawm 100C rau 30 min. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias lub zog ntawm daim ntawv cog lus muaj nqis tshaj qhov ntawm pawg tswj xyuas. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb tau siv HF thiab HNO3 sib tov, H2SO4 thiab HF thiab HNO3 sib tov, H2SO4 thiab (NH4) 2SO4 sib tov kom sov rau 100C acid zirconia rau 30 min. Cov kev sib piv tau pom tau hais tias lub zog ntawm cov pawg sandblasting treat yog qhov ua tau zoo tuaj. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov txawv cov kua qaub (P> 0.05). Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov chaw kho mob ntawm cov kua kub acid acid etching tau zoo zom ntawm cov zirconium plooj (porcelain) thiab ho ua kom lub zog ntawm cov plooj (porcelain-resin)

3 kev kho mob kho

3.1 kev ua polishing

Mechanical sib tsoo yog kev lag luam feem ntau tau ua thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho-ceramic crown haum txheej txheem. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tau tias qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm kev sib tsoo yuav ua rau cov kev nyuaj siab ntxhov siab ntxiv, ua rau cov laus pib kho, thiab ua rau lub neej rov qab kho dua tshiab. Chen Yingying thiab lwm cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias qhov sib tsoo ua rau cov teeb meem tsis muaj zog, thaum polishing thiab glazing muaj cov nyhuv ntawm inhibiting ceramic laus.

3.2 Alumina blasting tshuab

Alumina particle blasting yuav ua rau lub roughness thiab tu ntawm zirconia ceramic nto, ua li ua rau cov neeg kho tshuab retention ntawm qhov ceramic thaiv thiab tus hniav, thiab tuaj yeem nrog 10-methacryloyloxyposphazyl phosphate (MDP). Cov khoom hnyav ua khoom ntawm cov phosphoric acid monomer sib hloo kom ua rau kev zuaj ntawm zirconia thiab tus hniav. Guazzato li al. pom hais tias huab cua blasting muaj qhov tsawg kawg ntawm lub zirconia nto piv nrog sib tsoo log thiab pub, thiab nws muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev zirconia restorations. Nyob rau xaiv ntawm alumina particle loj, 120, 80, 40 pm Al2O3 hais tau siv. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm zirconia blasting ntawm 0.4 MPa rau 20 s tsom tsis muaj qhov sib txawv qhov sib txawv hauv qhov ntawm cov nplai ntawm 120 thiab 80 μm particle kev kho mob. Thiab tag nrho cov qis dua 40 μm pawg.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ob peb cov neeg tshawb nrhiav tsis zoo li qub. Yan Haixin thiab lwm yam kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias txawm tias txoj kev siv tshuaj xuab zeb ua rau lub qhov dej npau av tsis zoo, nws tsis txhim kho cov nyom tsev. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no tseem yuav raug lees paub.

3.3 laser etching technology

Laser etching yog hais txog txoj hlua zirconia nrog ib lub laser-high-energy laser ua rau melting thiab rov quenching ntawm qhov chaw tsim cov pob zeb me me ua kom cov neeg kho tshuab xauv nrawm quab yuam ntawm zirconia thiab cov resin. Feem ntau siv cov lasers yog Er: YAG laser, Nd: YAG laser thiab carbon dioxide (CO2) laser.

Ma Yonggang thiab lwm yam kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias lub zog tsho ntawm cov kab uas peb siv laser-lauj kaub tais diav tau siab dua li ntawm pawg tswj hwm, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov peb tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Laser etching muaj cov nyhuv tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov ntxhuav thiab pob zeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov txheej txheem no tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam txog kev txhim kho cov qauv ruaj khov. Lub adhesion ntawm lub laser-etched zirconia ceramic thiab cov ntaub ntawv rov tuaj ua daim voj tom qab laus rau 6 lub hlis raug txo qis.

3.4 NobelBond nta kho

NobelBond yog ib qho tshiab txheej txheem kho tshuab hluav taws xob uas tau muab siv rau tsev zirconia hniav nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus hais tias qhov chaw ntawm lub pre-sintered los yog sintered zirconia scaffold tom qab txiav yog coated nrog ib tug slurry uas zirconia hmoov thiab ib pore qub, thiab tom qab sintering, lub pore tsim decomposes rau daim pores rau ntawm lub zirconium.

Phark li al. piv rau lub zog shear ntawm zirconia tom qab NobelBond thiab grit blasting. Cov kev tshwm sim qhia tau hais tias tus qub tau qaug zog lub zog tam sim ntawd tom qab laus thiab tom kawg, thiab tom kawg tau shear lub zog tom qab khoom cua thermal laus laus. Poob txawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zes ntawm cov zuronium porcelain kho los ntawm NobelBond tsis tas yuav tsum tau xuab zeb. Raws li kev siv cuab yeej tshiab, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas pom tias yuav tsum muaj pov thawj ntxiv.